Baculovirus expression systems have been widely used to produce recombinant mammalian\nproteins owing to the lack of viral replication in vertebrates. Although several lines of evidence\nhave demonstrated impacts of baculovirus infection in mammalian hosts, genome-wide effects have\nnot been fully elucidated. Here, we provide comparative transcriptome profiles of baculovirus\nand host-immune response genes in recombinant baculovirus-infected mammalian and insect cells.\nSpecifically, to decipher the impacts of baculovirus infection in mammalian cells, we conducted total\nRNA-seq on human 293TT cells and insect Sf9 cells infected with recombinant baculovirus. We found\nthat baculovirus genes were rarely expressed under the control of baculoviral promoters in 293TT\ncells. Although some baculovirus early genes, such as PE38 and IE-01, showed limited expression in\n293TT cells, baculoviral late genes were mostly silent. We also found modest induction of a small\nnumber of mammalian immune response genes associated with Toll-like receptors, cytokine signaling,\nand complement in baculovirus-infected 293TT cells. These comprehensive transcriptome data\nwill contribute to improving recombinant baculovirus as tools for gene delivery, gene therapy,\nand vaccine development.
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